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1.
Biol. Res ; 51: 3, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888429

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background The WNT pathway regulates intestinal stem cells and is frequently disrupted in intestinal adenomas. The pathway contains several potential biotargets for interference, including the poly-ADP ribosyltransferase enzymes tankyrase1 and 2. LGR5 is a known WNT pathway target gene and marker of intestinal stem cells. The LGR5+ stem cells are located in the crypt base and capable of regenerating all intestinal epithelial cell lineages. Results We treated Lgr5-EGFP-Ires-CreERT2;R26R-Confetti mice with the tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK for up to 3 weeks to assess the effect on duodenal stem cell homeostasis and on the integrity of intestinal epithelium. At the administered doses, G007-LK treatment inhibited WNT signalling in LGR5+ stem cells and reduced the number and distribution of cells traced from duodenal LGR5+ stem cells. However, the gross morphology of the duodenum remained unaltered and G007-LK-treated mice showed no signs of weight loss or any other visible morphological changes. The inhibitory effect on LGR5+ stem cell proliferation was reversible. Conclusion We show that the tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK is well tolerated by the mice, although proliferation of the LGR5+ intestinal stem cells was inhibited. Our observations suggest the presence of a tankyrase inhibitor-resistant cell population in the duodenum, able to rescue tissue integrity in the presence of G007-LK-mediated inhibition of the WNT signalling dependent LGR5+ intestinal epithelial stem cells.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Stem Cells/drug effects , Sulfones/pharmacology , Triazoles/pharmacology , Tankyrases/antagonists & inhibitors , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Duodenum/drug effects , Intestine, Small/drug effects , Sulfones/pharmacokinetics , Triazoles/pharmacokinetics , Immunohistochemistry , Mice, Transgenic , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Microscopy, Confocal , Tankyrases/pharmacology , Tankyrases/pharmacokinetics , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics , Duodenum/cytology
2.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(1): 17-24, fev. 2006. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-425455

ABSTRACT

A secreção de hormônio de crescimento (HC) é modulada pelo hormônio liberador de HC e pela somatostatina. Na ultima década foi descoberto um terceiro mecanismo de controle, envolvendo os secretagogos de HC. A ghrelina é um peptídeo acilado, descoberto recentemente, que é produzido no estômago, porém também é sintetizado no hipotálamo. Este peptídeo é capaz de liberar HC, além de aumentar a ingestão alimentar. A ghrelina endógena parece amplificar o padrão básico de secreção de HC, ampliando a resposta do somatotrófo ao hormônio liberador de HC. Este peptídeo estimula múltiplas vias intracelulares interdependentes no somatotrófo, envolvendo a proteína quinase C, proteína quinase A e sistemas moduladores de cálcio extracelular. Entretanto, como a liberação de HC induzida pela ghrelina in vivo é mais acentuada que in vitro, seu local de atuação predominante é no hipotálamo. Nesse artigo apresentamos uma revisão sobre a descoberta da ghrelina, os dados existentes sobre os mecanismos de ação e possível papel fisiológico dos secretagogos de HC e da ghrelina na secreção de HC e, finalmente, os efeitos da administração endovenosa destes peptídeos sobre a secreção de HC no homem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/physiology , Growth Hormone , Peptide Hormones/physiology , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology , Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology , Growth Hormone/drug effects , Peptide Hormones/pharmacology , Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/drug effects
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